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Number 13-class battleship
The ''Number 13''-class battleship was a planned class of four fast battleships to be built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the 1920s. The ships never received any names, being known only as ''Numbers 13–16''. They were intended to reinforce Japan's "eight-eight fleet" of eight battleships and eight battlecruisers after the United States announced a major naval construction program in 1919. The ''Number 13'' class was designed to be superior to all other existing battleships, planned or building. After the signing of the Washington Naval Treaty in 1922, they were cancelled in November 1923 before construction could begin.
==Design and background==
(詳細はWoodrow Wilson announced plans in 1919 to re-initiate the 1916 plan for ten additional battleships and six battlecruisers. The Japanese response required the construction of eight additional fast battleships in the ''Kii'' and the ''Number 13'' classes.〔Evans & Peattie, p. 174〕
When designing the latter class, the Japanese followed the doctrine that they had used since the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–95 of compensating for quantitative inferiority with qualitative superiority.〔Evans & Peattie, p. 59〕 In the words of naval historian Siegfried Breyer, "had (ships ) been completed, they would have been the world's largest and most powerful battleships. Their gun calibre alone would have caused a new and more intensive naval arms race. From an engineering aspect they were more than ten years ahead of their time because they anticipated the characteristics of the fully developed, fast battleship."〔 Naval architects William Garzke and Robert Dulin concur saying, "These ships would have completely outclassed any European battleship".〔Garzke & Dulin, p. 10〕
The ''Number 13'' class was designed by Captain Yuzuru Hiraga, the naval architect responsible for most of the previous Japanese capital ships. The ships were based on his previous ''Kii''-class battleship and designs, enlarged to take guns.〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 235〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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